Determination of Flavonoid Content of Ethanol Extract of Leaves and Bark of Ebony (Diospyros celebica Bakh) Using UV-Vis Spectrophotometry Method
Keywords:
Leaves; Bark; Ebony (Diospyros celebica Bakh); Extraction; Flavonoids; UV-Vis Spectrophotometry.
Abstract
Ebony (Diospyros celebica Bakh) is a plant belonging to the Ebenaceae family which is one of the endemic plants from Sulawesi, Indonesia. Previous research has proven that ebony leaves are used as a traditional medicine to lower blood sugar levels, while the bark of ebony stems can be used as an antibacterial. Ebony leaves and bark contain secondary metabolites, namely flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids, tannins and saponins. This study aims to determine and determine the levels of flavonoids contained in extracts of leaves and bark of ebony stems. Flavonoid compounds have antioxidant, antibacterial, hypoallergenic, antiviral, anticancer and antidiabetic activities. The research method used to obtain the extract was the soxhletation method with 96% ethanol. The method used in the determination of flavonoid levels is using UV-Vis spectrophotometry with quercetin as a reference standard. Quercetin is a class of flavonoids belonging to the flavonol. Test results on UV-Vis Spectrophotometry with a wavelength of 430 nm, obtained flavonoid levels from ebony leaf samples, namely 7.999 mgQE/g extract, and in ebony bark, flavonoid levels obtained were 6.087 mgQE/g extract.
References
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[4] Dahlia, A.A., Ahmad, A.R. And R, R.Y. (2016) ‘Penetapan Kadar Flavonoid Total Dari Ekstrak Etanolik Daun Benalu Mangga (Dendrophthoe pentandra L. Miq)’, Jurnal Fitofarmaka Indonesia, 1(1), Pp. 14–17.
[5] Handayani, S., Najib, A. And Wati, N.P. (2018) ‘Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Daun Daruju (Acanthus ilicifolius L.) Dengan Metode Peredaman Radikal Bebas 1,1-Diphenyil-2-Picrylhidrazil (Dpph)’, Jurnal Fitofarmaka Indonesia, 5(2), Pp. 299–308.
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[8] Kartini, K. Et Al. (2018) ‘Ekstrak Etanol Daun Eboni Menurunkan Kadar Glukosa Darah Tikus Jantan Yang Diinduksi Aloksan’, Jurnal Veteriner, 19(3), Pp. 329–334.
[9] Khasanah, L.U., Fathinatullabibah And Kawiji (2014) ‘Stabilitas Antosianin Ekstrak Daun Jati ( Tectona Grandis ) Terhadap Perlakuan Ph Dan Suhu’, Jurnal Aplikasi Teknologi Pangan 3 (2), 3(2), Pp. 60–63.
[10] Kumalasari, E., Nazir, M.A. And Putra, A.M.P. (2018) ‘Determination Of Total Flavonoid Content Of 70% Ethanol Extract Of Dayak Leeks (Eleutherine palmifolia L.) Using Uv-Vis Spectrophotometric Method’, Jurnal Insan Farmasi Indonesia, 1(2), Pp. 201–209.
[11] Kusnadi And Devi, E.T. (2017) ‘Isolasi Dan Identifikasi Senyawa Flavanoid Pada Ekstrak Daun Seledri (Apium graveolens L.) Dengan Metode Refluks’, Pancasakti Science Education Journal, 2(1), Pp. 56–67.
[12] Lumowa, S.V.. And Bardin, S. (2018) ‘Uji Fitokimia Kulit Pisang Kepok (Musa Paradisiacal.) Bahan Alam Sebagai Pestisida Nabati Berpotensi Menekan Serangan Serangga Hama Tanaman Umur Pendek’, Jurnal Sains Dan Kesehatan, 1(9), Pp. 465–469.
[13] Megawati, Anam, S. And Pitopang, R. (2016) ‘Studi Etnobotani Tumbuhan Obat Pada Masyarakat Suku Kaili Ija Di Desa Kecamatan Sigi Biromaru Kabupaten Sigi Sulawesi Tengah’, Biocelebes, 10(1), Pp. 76–90.
[14] Ramlah, Pratiwi, L. And Nurbaeti, S.N. (2019) ‘Qualitative Test Of Flavonoid Compound Ethyl Acetate Extract Of Senggani Leaf (Melastoma malabathricum L.)’, Jurnal Mahasiswa Farmasi Fakultas Kedokteran Untan, 4(1), Pp. 1–4.
[15] Satria, R., Hakim, A.R. And Darsono, P.V. (2022) ‘Penetapan Kadar Flavonoid Total Dari Fraksi N-Heksana Ekstrak Daun Gelinggang Dengan Metode Spektrofotometri Uv-Vis’, Journal Of Engineering, Technology, And Applied Science, 4(1), Pp. 33–46.
[16] Suharyanto, S. And Hayati, T.N. (2021) ‘Penetapan Kadar Flavonoid Total Ekstrak Buah Gambas (Luffa acutangula(L.) Roxb.) Dengan Metode Spektrofotometri Uv-Vis’, Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia, 18(1), Pp. 82–88.
[17] Sumitriasih, N.L., Ridhay, A. And Indriani (2019) ‘Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak N-Heksan, Etil Asetat Dan Etanol Kulit Batang Kayu Eboni (Diospyros celebica Bakh.) Menggunakan Metode Difusi’, Kovalen: Jurnal Riset Kimia, 5(3), Pp. 233–239.
[18] Syamsul, E.S., Hakim, Y.Y. And Nurhasnawati, H. (2019) ‘Penetapan Kadar Flavonoid Ekstrak Daun Kelakai (Stenochlaena palustris (Burm. F.) Bedd.) Dengan Metode Spektrofotometri Uv-Vis’, Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia, 1(1), Pp. 11–20.
[19] Syarif, R.A., Handayani, V. And Angraeni, A. (2022) ‘Standarisasi Ekstrak Etanol Buah Bintaro ( Cerbera odollam Gaertn . ) Sebagai Obat Tradisional’, Jurnal Fitofarmaka Indonesia, 9(2), Pp. 7–13.
[20] Syarif, R.A., Sari, F. And Ahmad, A.R. (2015) ‘Torch Ginger (Etlingera elatior Jack.) Rhizomes As Phenolic Sources’, Jurnal Fitofarmaka Indonesia, 2(2), Pp. 102–106.
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[22] Wahyulianingsih, W., Handayani, S. And Malik, A. (2016) ‘Penetapan Kadar Flavonoid Total Ekstrak Daun Cengkeh (Syzygium Aromaticum (L.) Merr & Perry)’, Jurnal Fitofarmaka Indonesia, 3(2), Pp. 188–193.
[23] Wijaya, H., Jubaidah, S. And Rukayyah (2022) ‘Perbandingan Metode Esktraksi Maserasi Dan Sokhletasi Terhadap Rendemen Ekstrak Batang Turi (Sesbania grandiflora L.)’, Indonesian Journal Of Pharmacy And Natural Product, 05(01), Pp. 1–11.
[24] Zulfiani, Z., Yuniati, E. And Ramadhanil, R. (2013) ‘Kajian Etnobotani Suku Kaili Tara Di Desa Binangga Kecamatan Parigi Tengah Kabupaten Parigi Moutong Sulawesi Tengah’, Jurnal Biocelebes, 7(1), Pp. 67–74.
